TRAF molecules in cell signaling and in human diseases

Table 7 Genetic variations of TRAFs in human diseases

Diseases	Genetic variations of TRAFs	References
B cell malignancies
Multiple myeloma	Deletions or inactivating mutations of TRAF3, TRAF2	[294–296]
	SNPs of TRAF3	[297]
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma	Deletions or inactivating mutations of TRAF3	[298, 299]
B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Deletions or inactivating mutations of TRAF3	[298]
Mantle cell lymphoma	Deletions or inactivating mutations of TRAF3	[298]
Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia	Deletions or inactivating mutations of TRAF3	[300]
Hodgkin lymphoma	Deletion of TRAF3	[301]
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma	Inactivating mutations of TRAF2, TRAF5	[302]
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	SNPs of TRAF1	[303]
Carcinomas
Breast cancers	Amplification of TRAF4	[304]
Lung cancers	Amplification of TRAF4, TRAF6	[304, 305]
Osteosarcoma	Amplification of TRAF6	[306]
Autoimmune diseases
Systemic lupus erythematosus	SNPs of TRAF6, TRAF1/C5	[22, 307, 308]
Rheumatoid arthritis	SNPs of TRAF5, TRAF6, TRAF1/C5	[22, 309–311]
Immunodeficiencies
HSV-1 encephalitis	Inactivating mutation of TRAF3	[312]
Other
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia	Inactivating mutation of TRAF6	[313]