Table 1 Markers to identify colonic SCs and colon CSCs [13]
Markers | Cellular Functions | |
|---|---|---|
Normal Stem Cell | Musahi-1 | RNA binding protein |
Hes-1 | Transcriptional repressor | |
EphB receptors | Cell surface receptors | |
Bmi-1 | Policomb-repressor protein | |
Lgr-5 | Wnt target gene | |
ALDH1A1 | Enzyme | |
DCAMKL1 | Kinase | |
Colon Cancer Stem Cell | CD133 | Associated with poor prognosis, low survival, and distant metastasis in colorectal adenocarcinoma. |
CD44 | Hyaluronic acid receptor | |
CD166 | Call adhesion molecule | |
ALDH1A1 | Enzyme | |
ATP binding cassette protein | Drug transporter, effluxes drugs. | |
OCT4 | POU-domain transcription factor, highly expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells. | |
SOX2 | Group B of the Sox family of transcription factor, involved in development. | |
c-Myc | Transcription factor, high c-Myc levels blocks cell differentiation and enhance self-renewal of committed and differentiated cells | |
B-Integrin (CD29) | Cell adhesion molecule |