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Figure 9 | Journal of Molecular Signaling

Figure 9

From: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligand-mediated apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells depends upon modulation of PI3Kinase pathway independent of Akt

Figure 9

Model representing the signaling pathway of TRG-induced cellular effects in HCC cells . Incubation of the HCC cells with TRG in serum-containing media leads to a decrease in the expression of cyclin D1 resulting in cell growth arrest. TRG-induced reduction of cyclin D1 was shown to involve inhibition of CREB pathway in our earlier studies [32]. However, incubation with TRG under these conditions shows no apoptosis and leads to an increase in AktSer473 and FoxO1Thr24/3aThr32 phosphorylation involving PI3K and Pak pathways, which might lead to tumor progression. Inhibition of PI3K pathway but not Pak or Akt pathways sensitizes cells towards apoptosis. In addition, incubation with TRG in serum-deficient media antagonizes AktSer473 phosphorylation and leads to potent apoptosis.

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Journal of Molecular Signaling

ISSN: 1750-2187